Table 7.
Hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for CHD according to quartiles of dietary lipophilic index and lipids among participants with blood lipids in the cohort study (1994–2014, N = 6,188) of the Women’s Health Initiative
| Quartiles of exposures |
P for trendc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
| Dietary LI | |||||
| No. of CHD events/patients | 198/1864 | 231/1666 | 201/1425 | 215/1233 | |
| Median LI (IQR) | 24.2 (2.3) | 26.8 (0.9) | 28.4 (0.8) | 30.3 (1.5) | |
| Adjusted model 1a, HRs (95% CI) | Ref. | 1.18 (0.96, 1.45) | 0.94 (0.76, 1.17) | 1.35 (1.08, 1.68) | <0.01 |
| Adjusted model 2b, HRs (95% CI) | Ref. | 1.19 (0.97, 1.46) | 0.95 (0.77, 1.18) | 1.35 (1.08, 1.68) | <0.01 |
| Triglycerides | |||||
| No. of CHD events/patients | 110/1477 | 159/1473 | 255/1589 | 321/1649 | |
| Median (IQR), mg/dl | 62 (17) | 91 (14) | 123 (22) | 191 (70) | |
| Adjusted model 1a, HRs (95% CI) | Ref. | 1.07 (0.83, 1.37) | 1.29 (1.02, 1.63) | 1.40 (1.11, 1.77) | <0.01 |
| LDL:HDL ratio | |||||
| No. of CHD events/patients | 167/1497 | 184/1529 | 227/1558 | 267/1604 | |
| Median (IQR) | 1.4 (0.4) | 2.0 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.4) | 3.6 (0.9) | |
| Adjusted model 1a, HRs (95% CI) | Ref. | 1.23 (0.93, 1.62) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.15) | 1.35 (1.00, 1.82) | <0.01 |
BMI body mass index, CHD coronary heart disease, CI confidence intervals, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IQR interquartile range, LDL low-density lipoprotein, LI lipophilic index, HR hazard ratio
Adjusted for age, region, race/ethnicity, education, income, BMI, physical activity, smoking, family history of myocardial infarction/diabetes/ stroke, medication use, postmenopausal hormone use, self-reported baseline hypertension/diabetes/cancer/hypercholesterolemia/hysterectomy status, dietary alcohol, percent calories from protein and carbohydrates, and total energy
Model 1 plus LDL:HDL ratio
Test for trends was conducted by treating the median value for each quartile of LI/LL as a continuous variable