Table 1.
Baseline Patient Characteristics
| Allopurinol Users N= 96 |
Control Subjects N=96 |
P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.88 ± 11.18 | 70.08 ± 10.77 | 0.447 |
| Sex | 62 males (64.6%) |
64 males (66.6%) |
0.761 |
| Height (cm) | 162.75 ± 9.38 | 161.67 ± 9.64 | 0.432 |
| Weight (kg) | 85.00 (70.08, 98.97) | 73.50 (62.25, 84.75) | 0.001 |
| BMI | 31.40 (26.95, 38.48) | 27.15 (25.18, 32.88) | 0.000 |
| Ischemic heart disease (IHD) | 0.029 | ||
| Stable angina | 5 (5.2%) | 13 (13.5%) | |
| Unstable angina | 44 (45.8%) | 54 (56.3%) | |
| STEMI | 22 (22.9%) | 12 (12.5%) | |
| NSTEMI | 25 (26.0%) | 17 (17.7%) | |
| Diagnosis of IHD | – | ||
| Cardiac catheterization | 83 (86.5%) | 87 (90.6%) | |
| CT coronary angiography | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (2.1%) | |
| Cardiac nuclear medicine | 1 (1.0%) | 0 | |
| Echocardiography | 11(11.5%) | 7 (7.3%) | |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| DM | 77 (80.2%) | 77 (80.2%) | 1.00 |
| DM type | 0.091 | ||
| DM type 1 | 9 (9.4%) | 2 (2.1%) | |
| DM type 2 | 68 (70.8%) | 75 (78.1%) | |
| Hypertension | 87 (90.6%) | 85 (88.5%) | 0.637 |
| Chronic heart failure | 29 (30.2%) | 23 (24.0%) | 0.330 |
| Transient ischemic attacks | 3 (3.1%) | 4 (4.2%) | 0.700 |
| Stroke | 12 (12.5%) | 8 (8.3%) | 0.345 |
| Cardiac medications | |||
| ACEI | 38 (39.6%) | 43 (44.8%) | 0.465 |
| ARBs | 39 (40.6%) | 41 (42.7%) | 0.770 |
| Beta-blockers | 87 (90.6%) | 80 (83.3%) | 0.133 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 49 (51.0%) | 25 (26.0%) | 0.000 |
| Thiazide diuretics | 19 (20.0%) | 14 (14.6%) | 0.339 |
| Loop diuretics | 76 (79.2%) | 59 (61.5%) | 0.007 |
| Spironolactone | 26 (27.1%) | 34 (35.4%) | 0.213 |
| Aspirin | 88 (91.7%) | 84 (87.5%) | 0.345 |
| Clopidogrel | 59 (61.5%) | 54 (56.3%) | 0.463 |
| Statins | 90 (93.8%) | 77 (80.2%) | 0.005 |
| Organic nitrates | 43 (44.8%) | 36 (37.5%) | 0.305 |
| Smoking status | 0.000 | ||
| Never | 40 (41.7%) | 12 (12.5%) | |
| Active | 17 (17.7%) | 46 (47.9%) | |
| x-smoker | 39 (40.6%) | 38 (39.6%) | |
| Allopurinol therapy related | |||
| Uric acid (mg/dL)a | 7.51 (5.66, 9.20) | 6.29 (4.20, 7.88) | 0.032 |
| Allopurinol dose | 100 (100.0, 137.5) | — | |
| Duration of therapy (months) | 31.5 (22.0, 57.3) | — | — |
Notes: Data are presented as mean ± SD or median with interquartile range (Q1, Q3). aData calculated based on (68 allopurinol: 26 control).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IHD, ischemic heart disease; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; DM, diabetes mellitus; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers.