Efficacy of NX-13 in DSS colitis. Wild-type mice were challenged with DSS and treated daily with oral NX-13 (0 – 20 mg/kg). Disease activity was assessed daily (A). Colon histology was scored at day 7 of DSS challenge for leukocytic infiltration (B), epithelial erosion (C), and mucosal thickening (D). Fecal calprotectin was assessed in colonic contents on day 7 (E). Th1 (F, CD4+ CD8- Tbet+ IFNγ+), neutrophils (G, Gr1hi CD11b+), Treg (H, CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ IL10+), IL4+ CD4+ (I), and Th17 (J, CD4+ CD8- RORγT+ IL17+) were quantified by flow cytometry on day 7. Representative photomicrographs of H&E stained colon from vehicle (K) and 10 mg/kg NX-13 (L) groups; asterisks mark leukocytic infiltration, arrows mark ulceration (scale bar, 100 μm). Data presented as mean ± SEM (n = 9). Asterisks mark significance (p ≤ 0.05).