Table 2.
Gender effects on cephalometric differences between OSA and control patients
| Male (n = 162) | P value | Female (n = 44) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSA | Control | OSA | Control | |||
| (n = 135) | (n = 27) | (n = 23) | (n = 21) | |||
| Clinical | ||||||
| Age, years | 46.4 (13.2) | 35.9 (11.1) | 0.001 | 56.0 (12.2) | 44.0 (12.1) | 0.002 |
| ESS | 8.8 (5.2) | 9.3 (5.3) | 0.613 | 9.0 (4.9) | 9.8 (6.3) | 0.655 |
| PSQI | 7.3 (3.5) | 6.8 (3.3) | 0.526 | 8.5 (4.4) | 9.6 (4.3) | 0.412 |
| Anthropometry | ||||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.9 (3.3) | 24.6 (3.5) | 0.045 | 25.5 (4.8) | 23.4 (3.2) | 0.105 |
| NC, cm | 39.9 (2.7) | 37.9 (4.1) | 0.002 | 35.5 (3.3) | 35.1 (6.2) | 0.790 |
| WHR | 0.95 (0.05) | 0.89 (0.05) | 0.001 | 0.91 (0.04) | 0.86 (0.05) | 0.002 |
| Cephalometry | ||||||
| SNA | 83.9 (5.0) | 85.4 (4.6) | 0.155 | 84.3 (5.6) | 82.5 (4.8) | 0.260 |
| SNB | 81.0 (4.8) | 82.7 (4.9) | 0.099 | 79.9 (4.9) | 80.2 (5.1) | 0.850 |
| ANB | 2.9 (2.8) | 2.7 (2.8) | 0.777 | 4.5 (2.5) | 2.4 (2.8) | 0.013 |
| SPL | 42.4 (4.4) | 39.9 (3.9) | 0.006 | 39.9 (5.7) | 37.9 (4.5) | 0.186 |
| SPT | 11.7 (1.9) | 11.4 (1.9) | 0.553 | 11.2 (2.1) | 9.7 (1.2) | 0.004 |
| RPS | 7.5 (2.5) | 8.5 (2.9) | 0.06 | 6.8 (2.6) | 7.1 (2.1) | 0.667 |
| RLS | 11.0 (3.8) | 11.3 (4.2) | 0.758 | 8.9 (2.8) | 9.1 (2.5) | 0.825 |
| MPH | 19.1 (6.4) | 18.0 (7.2) | 0.453 | 11.9 (7.1) | 12.5 (6.8) | 0.777 |
| Polysomnography | ||||||
| N3, % | 1.5 (3.8) | 6.0 (9.3) | 0.001 | 3.6 (6.9) | 4.7 (5.9) | 0.592 |
| AHI, events/h | 36.5 (26.3) | 2.2 (1.4) | 0.001 | 30.1 (22.0) | 1.6 (1.5) | 0.001 |
| Lowest O2, % | 79.9 (10.5) | 91.6 (4.1) | 0.001 | 81.2 (8.1) | 92.1 (3.2) | 0.001 |
All values are reported as mean (SD). OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, NC neck circumference, WHR waist-hip ratio, SE sleep efficiency, N3 deep sleep, AHI apnea-hypopnea index