Table 2.
Prognostic factors for disease specific death in TC patients with initial distant metastasis according to diagnosis period.
| Characteristics | Before 2004 | After 2004 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 1.05 (0.94–1.16) | 0.379 | 1.07 (1.03–1.12) | 0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 0.35 (0.01–13.21) | 0.568 | 1.23 (0.27–5.61) | 0.788 |
| LN dissection | ||||
| No | Reference | 0.998 | Reference | 0.526 |
| CND | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.988 | 0.99 (0.20–4.92) | 0.988 |
| CND and LND | 1.12 (0.02–70.69) | 0.956 | 0.30 (0.02–4.92) | 0.343 |
| Poor tumor histology | 9.03 (0.42–194.50) | 0.160 | 17.31 (3.15–95.12) | 0.001 |
| Tumor size | 1.63 (0.88–3.04) | 0.122 | 0.85 (0.67–1.06) | 0.147 |
| Initial LN metastases > 5 | 0.07 (0.00–1.95) | 0.117 | 4.02 (0.52–31.14) | 0.183 |
| Positive lymphatic invasion | 0.87 (0.06–11.57) | 0.913 | 0.57 (0.17–1.93) | 0.366 |
| Positive blood vessel invasion | 1.69 (0.03–102.52) | 0.803 | 0.84 (0.17–4.19) | 0.833 |
| Positive resection margin | 0.52 (0.03–9.64) | 0.659 | 1.21 (0.33–4.52) | 0.772 |
| Positive ETE | 0.71 (0.08–6.68) | 0.765 | 0.69 (0.21–2.27) | 0.542 |
| Site of distant metastasis | ||||
| Lung only | Reference | 0.527 | Reference | 0.033 |
| Bone only | 0.56 (0.03–10.78) | 0.698 | 0.43 (0.07–2.61) | 0.357 |
| Combined | 6.76 (0.12–379.88) | 0.353 | 2.91 (0.72–11.65) | 0.132 |
| Route of detection | ||||
| Asymptomatic screening | 0.28 (0.02–3.85) | 0.342 | 0.19 (0.06–0.60) | 0.005 |
Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; LN, lymph node; CND, central neck dissection; LND, lateral neck dissection; LN, lymph node; ETE, extrathyroidal extension. Poor tumor histology mean PDTC, MTC, and ATC.