Table 1.
Change in IMR associated with newborn screening mandate interacted with Medicaid implementation.
| (in deaths per 1000 births) | Change in IMR | Std. Err | p-value | 95%CI of effect Size in No. of Birthsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medicaid | −1.036 | 0.003 | 0.000 | −4123 to −4164 |
| Newborn Screening | −0.005 | 0.001 | 0.000 | −13 to −25 |
| Medicaid + Newborn Screening | −0.094 | 0.001 | 0.000 | −370 to −386 |
Notes: State IMR is regressed on states' NBS and Medicaid implementation status. Regressions include fixed effects for birth year and state (r-squared = 0.955). Heteroskedastic panels corrected for standard errors. Analysis includes all years 1959-1995. Data for New Jersey is missing for 1962 and 1963. Data for Hawaii is missing prior to 1968. Adding state income growth rate (from the previous year) does not change results.
a
95% Confidence interval of the coefficient (change in IMR) is applied to a hypothetical birth cohort of 4 million. Negative values indicate declines in mortality.
Source: Authors' analysis of US Vital Statistics Data, 1958–1995