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. 2019 Dec 11;16:262. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1664-4

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 9 — Blocking TGFβR1 with SD208 decreases GFAP expression in rats infused with astrocytes expressing Nef. a Representative tissue sections immunostained for astrocyte activation marker, GFAP. Nef+placebo (left panel), n = 5, and Nef+SD208 (right panel), n = 3. b Densitometric analysis was used to quantify the intensity of GFAP staining, *p < 0.03. Scale bar 100 μM