Table 2.
Factors Associated With H pylori Resistance to Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, and Levofloxacin in Male Patients
| N | Clarithromycin resistance | P value | Metronidazole resistance | P value | Levofloxacin resistance | P value | Any resistance | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | |||||||||
| <60 | 51 | 6 (11.8%) | .25 | 11 (21.6%) | .77 | 12 (23.5%) | .13 | 26 (51.0%) | .75 |
| ≥60 | 77 | 15 (19.5%) | 15 (19.5%) | 28 (36.4%) | 37 (48.1%) | ||||
| Race/ethnic | |||||||||
| White | 39 | 7 (17.9%) | .43 | 8 (20.5%) | 1.00 | 11 (28.2%) | .49 | 18 (46.2%) | .65 |
| Black | 64 | 8 (12.5%) | 13 (20.3%) | 19 (29.7%) | 33 (51.6%) | ||||
| Hispanic | 23 | 6 (26.1%) | 5 (21.7%) | 10 (43.5%) | 12 (52.2%) | ||||
| Other | 2 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||||
| Isolated year | |||||||||
| 2009–2010 | 66 | 6 (9.1%) | .02 | 14 (21.2%) | .79 | 17 (25.8%) | .17 | 27 (40.9%) | .05 |
| 2011–2013 | 62 | 15 (24.2%) | 12 (19.4%) | 23 (37.1%) | 36 (58.1%) | ||||
| Prior treatment of H pylori | |||||||||
| Yes | 7 | 5 (71.4%) | .002 | 3 (42.9%) | .12 | 5 (71.4%) | .03 | 7 (100.0%) | .01 |
| No | 110 | 16 (14.5%) | 19 (17.3%) | 32 (29.1%) | 50 (45.5%) | ||||
| Missing | 11 | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (36.4%) | 3 (27.3%) | 6 (54.5%) | ||||
| Education | |||||||||
| No college | 67 | 9 (13.4%) | .11 | 10 (14.9%) | .11 | 18 (26.9%) | .23 | 28 (41.8%) | .049 |
| Some college | 48 | 12 (25.0%) | 13 (27.1%) | 18 (37.5%) | 29 (60.4%) | ||||
| Missing | 13 | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (23.1%) | 4 (30.8%) | 6 (46.2%) | ||||
| Household income ($) | |||||||||
| ≤25,000 | 61 | 9 (14.8%) | .30 | 9 (14.8%) | .20 | 13 (21.3%) | .01 | 24 (39.3%) | .02 |
| >25,000 | 54 | 12 (22.2%) | 13 (24.1%) | 24 (44.4%) | 33 (61.1%) | ||||
| Missing | 13 | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (30.8%) | 3 (23.1%) | 6 (46.2%) | ||||
| Smoking status | |||||||||
| Nonsmoker | 32 | 9 (28.1%) | .19 | 11 (34.4%) | .02 | 10 (31.3%) | .33 | 22 (68.8%) | .03 |
| Former smoker | 51 | 7 (13.7%) | 5 (9.8%) | 19 (37.3%) | 20 (39.2%) | ||||
| Current smoker | 36 | 5 (13.9%) | 7 (19.4%) | 8 (22.2%) | 16 (44.4%) | ||||
| Missing | 9 | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 5 (55.6%) | ||||
| Drinking status | |||||||||
| Never drank | 11 | 2 (18.2%) | .81 | 6 (54.5%) | .01 | 1 (9.1%) | .24 | 8 (72.7%) | .24 |
| Former drinker | 47 | 7 (14.9%) | 6 (12.8%) | 15 (31.9%) | 21 (44.7%) | ||||
| Current drinker | 61 | 12 (19.7%) | 11 (18.0%) | 21 (34.4%) | 29 (47.5%) | ||||
| Missing | 9 | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 5 (55.6%) | ||||
| Heartburn or acid regurgitation | |||||||||
| Yes | 73 | 16 (21.9%) | .12 | 16 (21.9%) | .37 | 26 (35.6%) | .18 | 41 (56.2%) | .04 |
| No | 46 | 5 (10.9%) | 7 (15.2%) | 11 (23.9%) | 17 (37.0%) | ||||
| Missing | 9 | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 5 (55.6%) | ||||
| Stomach pain | |||||||||
| Yes | 37 | 6 (16.2%) | .78 | 10 (27.0%) | .15 | 11 (29.7%) | .83 | 20 (54.1%) | .44 |
| No | 82 | 15 (18.3%) | 13 (15.9%) | 26 (31.7%) | 38 (46.3%) | ||||
| Missing | 9 | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 5 (55.6%) | ||||
| Prior use of macrolides | |||||||||
| Yes | 30 | 9 (30.0%) | .02 | 8 (26.7%) | .32 | 11 (36.7%) | .46 | 18 (60.0%) | .18 |
| No | 98 | 12 (12.2%) | 18 (18.4%) | 29 (29.6%) | 45 (45.9%) | ||||
| Prior use of fluoroquinolones | |||||||||
| Yes | 39 | 9 (23.1%) | .18 | 12 (30.8%) | .05 | 17 (43.6%) | .046 | 25 (64.1%) | .03 |
| No | 89 | 12 (13.5%) | 14 (15.7%) | 23 (25.8%) | 38 (42.7%) |