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. 2019 Nov 30;61(6):340–351. doi: 10.5187/jast.2019.61.6.340

Table 3. Seasonal changes of vitamin A and E concentrations on sows serum, colostrum and milk.

Winter SEM Summer SEM p-value
Vitamin A µg/mL
 Serum
  Gestation (100 d) 0.19 0.01 0.19 0.01 0.772
  Post-partum (21 d) 0.29 0.01 0.22 0.01 < 0.001
 Colostrum 1.38 0.15 1.23 0.15 0.503
 Milk 0.42 0.02 0.38 0.02 0.25
Vitamin E (µg/mL)
 Serum
  Gestation (100 d) 2.00 0.10 0.90 0.10 < 0.001
  Post-partum (21 d) 1.40 0.16 0.96 0.18 0.39
 Colostrum 8.48 0.68 8.29 0.69 0.92
 Milk 2.23 0.11 1.81 0.12 0.03

SEM, standard error of the mean.