| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Kane 2008 |
Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: armodafinil versus placebo, not modafinil. |
| Leblanc 2006 |
Allocation: randomised.
Participants: people with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
Interventions: modafinil + second‐generation antipsychotic vs placebo + second‐generation antipsychotic. Reason for exclusion: unable to use data ‐ we contacted the authors as the data should have been useful but was reported in a method not imputable in a meta‐analysis. We received no response. |
| Minzenberg 2007 |
Allocation: randomised cross‐over trial. Participants: people with clinically stable chronic schizophrenia. Interventions: modafinil vs placebo. Outcomes: imaging outcomes (FMRI), not protocol outcome. |
| Minzenberg 2010a |
Allocation: intra‐participant dose randomisation. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: modafinil vs different doses of modafinil. Outcomes: performance on measures of working memory, episodic memory, and cognitive control, not protocol outcomes. |
| Minzenberg 2010b |
Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: modafinil vs placebo. Outcome: imaging results (FMRI), not protocol outcome. |
| NCT00057707 |
Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers. Interventions: modafinil vs placebo. Outcome: connectivity of brain regions underlying working memory, not protocol outcome. |
| NCT00373672 |
Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: armodafinil versus placebo, not modafinil. |
| NCT00423943 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: modafinil vs placebo. Outcomes: EEG and prepotency task, not protocol outcomes. |
| NCT00487942 |
Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: armodafinil versus placebo, not modafinil. |
| NCT00772005 |
Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: armodafinil versus placebo, not modafinil. |
| Scoriels 2011 |
Allocation: randomised.
Participants: people with first‐episode psychosis (Melbourne criteria). Interventions: modafinil + second‐generation antipsychotic vs placebo + second‐generation antipsychotic. Reason for exclusion: no usable data. Cross‐over trial, data were not presented for phase A of the study, see protocol. |
| Turner 2004 |
Allocation: randomised.
Participants: people with schizophrenia (DSM‐IV). Interventions: single‐dose modafinil 200 mg + antipsychotics vs single‐dose placebo (lactose) + antipsychotic. Reason for exclusion: no usable data. Cross‐over trial, data were not presented for phase A of the study, see protocol. |
DSM = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. EEG = electroencephalogram FMRI = Functional magnetic resonance imaging