Table 1.
Altered geometry and malalignment conditions in the coronal plane resulting in significantly altered loading conditions.
| Extreme | Significant from | Reference value | Significant from | Extreme | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coronal plane - geometry | Elevated medial plateau | Elevated lateral plateau | ||||
| Knee adduction moment (Nm/kg) | First Peak | - | - | −0.28 ± 0.08 | - | |
| Second Peak | - | - | −0.17 ± 0.06 | - | - | |
| Medial contact force (BW) | First Peak | 3.76 ± 0.22 | 2.23 ± 0.2 (7°) | 1.83 ± 0.23 | - | - |
| Second Peak | 3.57 ± 0.39 | 2.5 ± 0.41 (7°) | 1.89 ± 0.32 | 1.53 ± 0.2 (13°) | 1.46 ± 0.18 | |
| Lateral contact force (BW) | First Peak | 0.76 ± 0.31 | 0.95 ± 0.33 (11°) | 1.33 ± 0.31 | 1.81 ± 0.28 (9°) | 2.31 ± 0.32 |
| Second Peak | 0.08 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 (5°) | 0.98 ± 0.23 | 1.4 ± 0.28 (7°) | 1.92 ± 0.3 | |
| Medial contact pressure (BW*A2) | First Peak | 0.013 ± 0.002 | 0.01 ± 0.001 (9°) | 0.008 ± 0.001 | - | - |
| Second Peak | 0.012 ± 0.002 | 0.01 ± 0.001 (11°) | 0.008 ± 0.001 | - | - | |
| Lateral contact pressure (BW*A2) | First Peak | - | - | 0.008 ± 0.002 | 0.011 ± 0.002 (15°) | 0.011 ± 0.002 |
| Second Peak | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.004 ± 0.001 (7°) | 0.006 ± 0.001 | 0.007 ± 0.001 (9°) | 0.008 ± 0.001 | |
| ACL strain (%) | Peak strain | - | - | 5.7 ± 1.51 | 7.82 ± 1.28 (13°) | 8.49 ± 1.33 |
| PCL strain (%) | Peak strain | 0.64 ± 1.24 | 0.64 ± 1.24 (15°) | −2.41 ± 2.49 | - | - |
| MCL strain (%) | Peak strain | 18.55 ± 1.1 | 5.46 ± 0.69 (3°) | 2.43 ± 1.18 | −0.19 ± 1.52 (3°) | −5.26 ± 2.09 |
| LCL strain (%) | Peak strain | 3.06 ± 2 | 1.79 ± 1.16 (3°) | 4.92 ± 0.96 | 7.8 ± 0.79 (3°) | 19.72 ± 0.66 |
| Extreme | Significant from | Reference value | Significant from | Extreme | ||
| Coronal plane - alignment | Varus | Valgus | ||||
| Knee adduction moment (Nm/kg) | First Peak | −1.7 ± 0.22 | −0.57 ± 0.11 (3°) | −0.28 ± 0.08 | −0.01 ± 0.08 (3°) | 1.21 ± 0.2 |
| Second Peak | −1.5 ± 0.25 | −0.27 ± 0.07 (1°) | −0.17 ± 0.06 | −0.08 ± 0.06 (1°) | 0.98 ± 0.17 | |
| Medial contact force (BW) | First Peak | 5.71 ± 0.44 | 2.44 ± 0.27 (3°) | 1.83 ± 0.23 | 1.25 ± 0.23 (3°) | 0 ± 0 |
| Second Peak | 8.24 ± 2.11 | 2.57 ± 0.3 (3°) | 1.89 ± 0.32 | 1.53 ± 0.29 (3°) | - | |
| Lateral contact force (BW) | First Peak | 0 ± 0 | 0.66 ± 0.27 (3°) | 1.33 ± 0.31 | 2.06 ± 0.37 (3°) | 6.1 ± 0.97 |
| Second Peak | 0 ± 0 | 0.48 ± 0.17 (3°) | 0.98 ± 0.23 | 1.62 ± 0.23 (3°) | 5.41 ± 0.49 | |
| Medial contact pressure (BW*A2) | First Peak | 0.016 ± 0.002 | 0.01 ± 0.001 (3°) | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 0.007 ± 0.001 (3°) | 0 ± 0 |
| Second Peak | 0.023 ± 0.005 | 0.01 ± 0.001 (3°) | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 0.007 ± 0.001 (3°) | - | |
| Lateral contact pressure (BW*A2) | First Peak | 0 ± 0 | 0.006 ± 0.002 (3°) | 0.008 ± 0.002 | 0.013 ± 0.003 (5°) | 0.022 ± 0.003 |
| Second Peak | 0 ± 0 | 0.004 ± 0.001 (3°) | 0.006 ± 0.001 | 0.008 ± 0.001 (3°) | 0.019 ± 0.004 | |
| ACL strain (%) | Peak strain | 18.75 ± 2.17 | 8.61 ± 1.28 (9°) | 5.7 ± 1.51 | 8.64 ± 1.94 (5°) | 22.33 ± 3.73 |
| PCL strain (%) | Peak strain | 10.97 ± 1.52 | −4.19 ± 1.11 (3°) | −2.41 ± 2.49 | 1.7 ± 1.57 (7°) | 5.29 ± 0.56 |
| MCL strain (%) | Peak strain | 22.56 ± 1.99 | 3.78 ± 1.13 (1°) | 2.43 ± 1.18 | 0.66 ± 1.27 (3°) | 12.04 ± 2.06 |
| LCL strain (%) | Peak strain | 25.87 ± 3.33 | 8.59 ± 2.21 (5°) | 4.92 ± 0.96 | 9.12 ± 1.45 (3°) | 22.04 ± 2.35 |