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. 2019 Dec 11;9:18892. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55445-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Allele frequency differences between liver and plasma. (A) Percentage differences (y-axis) in allele frequency between variants found more abundantly in the plasma (red points, positive values) or liver (blue points, negative values); HBV genome nucleotide positions defined by the x-axis. (B) Cumulative frequency plot for difference (>1%) in allele frequency for variants in n = 10 paired liver and plasma samples - each trace represents the running total trace for the frequency of variants with a defined difference in a allele frequency between liver and plasma samples. The majority of variants found in liver and plasma only show small differences in the adjusted allele frequency (1–2 percentage points) as demonstrated by the steep rise of traces in most patients. Few variants (n = 56) show differences >10% across all samples.