Table 1.

The clinical characteristics of studied subjects.

Group	HCs	Early stage	Chronic HIV-1
			CD4 < 350	CD4 ≥ 350
Cases	35	96	77	32
Age (range)	40(23–58)	45(19–80)	45 (22–78)	45 (24–70)
Gender (male/female)	21/14	85/11	54/23	17/15
CD4+ T lymphocyte count, cells/μl	ND	104.36	184.84	595
Untreated for HIV-1, n (%)	ND	73(76.0%)	18(23.4%)	3(9.38%)
Duration of HIV-1 infection (years)	ND	<0.5	0.5–13	0.5–16

HC, Healthy control; ND, no data.