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. 2019 Dec 12;2019(12):CD001088. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001088.pub4

Comparison 4. Contingency management versus standard care.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Leaving the study early: 1. Lost to treatment 4   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
1.1 Week 4 ‐ 8 (1 ‐ 2 months) 2 49 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.34 [0.04, 2.81]
1.2 Lost to treatment ‐ 3 months 2 255 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.55 [1.13, 2.11]
2 Leaving the study early: 2. Lost to evaluation ‐ 6 months 2 255 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.36 [0.91, 2.02]
3 Substance use: 1. Stimulant‐positive urine test (higher = poor outcome) 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.1 Stimulant‐positive urine test ‐ 3 months 1 176 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.34 [0.17, 0.68]
3.2 Stimulant‐positive urine test ‐ 6 months 1 176 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.83 [0.65, 1.06]
4 Substance use: 2. Number of continuous days alcohol negative urine tests, 3 months (skewed data)     Other data No numeric data
5 Substance use: 3. Injection use 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
5.1 During treatment ‐ 3 months 1 176 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.57 [0.42, 0.77]
5.2 During follow‐up ‐ 6 months 1 107 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.78 [0.53, 1.15]
6 Substance use: 4. Average scores on various measures (skewed data)     Other data No numeric data
6.1 Stimulant use days ‐ 3 months (skewed data)     Other data No numeric data
6.2 Stimulant use days ‐ 6 months (skewed data)     Other data No numeric data
6.3 Days of alcohol ‐ 3 months     Other data No numeric data
6.4 Days of alcohol ‐ 6 months     Other data No numeric data
6.5 5. Longest consecutive weeks of cocaine abstinence     Other data No numeric data
7 Mental state: 1. Average scores (various scales) (skewed data)     Other data No numeric data
7.1 Brief Symptom Inventory ‐ 3 months     Other data No numeric data
7.2 Brief Symptom Inventroy ‐ 6 months     Other data No numeric data
7.3 PANSS, excitement scale ‐ 3 months     Other data No numeric data
7.4 PANSS, excitement scale ‐ 6 months     Other data No numeric data
8 Service use: 1. Relapse (hospitalised ‐ 6 months post‐randomisation 1 176 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.21 [0.05, 0.93]