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. 2019 Dec 5;10:2770. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02770

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Copyright © 2019 Keskitalo, Haapaniemi, Einarsdottir, Rajamäki, Heikkilä, Ilander, Pöyhönen, Morgunova, Hokynar, Lagström, Kivirikko, Mustjoki, Eklund, Saarela, Kere, Seppänen, Ranki, Hannula-Jouppi and Varjosalo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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G207E constitutively activates several signal transduction pathways in HEK293 cells. Luciferase activities of (A) IFN-β, (B) STAT1/2, (C) STAT3, or (D) NFκB—reporters after transient transfection with empty vector (mock), H232, R232, H + 207E, R + 207E or SAVI mutant N154S. Expression of the constructs was verified by anti-HA antibody. Through A-C, the cells were stimulated with 4 μg/ml CDNs for 24 h or left unstimulated. For NFκB reporter assay, the cells were stimulated with 10 ng/ml TNF-α for 16 h. In all the (A–D) mean of minimal three replicates together with SEM is presented. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisk (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; paired t-test). (E) The baseline levels of IRF3 phosphorylation remained unaltered in H232, H + 207E, R232, R + 207E. Only N154S presented elevated phosphorylation of IRF3.