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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Processes. 2019 Sep 20;169:103952. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103952

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

(A) Four-state Markov model with two disengagement states (D1 and D2). (B) Probability of each state per time-step in a 40-s IFI according to the 4-state model, with a, b, and c fit to Silva and Timberlake’s (1998b) data in Figure 2A (a = b = .1103, c = .5122). The probability of state n in timestep t, pt(n), was pt(D1) = (1 − a)pt-1(D1), pt(D2) = apt-1(D1) + (1 − b)pt-1(D2), pt(R) = bpt-1(D2) + (1 − c)pt-1(R), and pt(C) = cpt-1(R) + pt-1(C), with p1(D1) = 1 and p1(D2) = p1(R) = p1(C) = 0. (D) Proportion of trials with ball-bearing contact (state R) in each quarter of the IFI in the Markov-chain model simulation using the parameters of panel C, along with the data from Silva and Timberlake (1998b).