Table 1.
List of selected SNO proteins in AD.
| Beta-secretase 1 | Amyloidogenic processing |
Loss of function | ↓ | Kwak et al. (2011) and Won et al. (2013) |
| Caspase 3 | Apoptosis | Transnitrosylation | N/A | Nakamura, Wang, et al. (2010) |
| Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 | Cell survival, proper synaptic spine density | Loss of synaptic spine density, transnitrosylation of Drp1 | ↑ | Molokanova et al. (2014), Qu et al. (2011), Wang et al. (2017) |
| Dexras 1 | Forms a complex with nNOS | Contributes to Aβ toxicity | N/A | Zhang, Zhu, et al. (2018) |
| Dynamin-related protein 1 | Initiator ofmitochondrial fission | Increased mitochondrial fission | ↑ | Akhtar et al. (2016), Cho et al. (2009), Gu and Robinson (2016), Molokanova et al. (2014), Nakamura, Cieplak, et al. (2010), Wang, Njoroge, et al. (2012), and Wang et al. (2017) |
| Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase | Glycolysis, apoptotic signaling | Increased apoptotic activity | ↑ | Sen, Saha, and Sen (2018), Wang et al. (2017), and Zareba-Koziol et al. (2014) |
| Insulin degrading enzyme | Degradation of insulin and Aβ | Reduction of function | ↑ | Akhtar et al. (2016) and Cordes et al. (2009) |
| O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | Catalysis of Ser/Thr-linked O-GlcNAcylation | Reduction of function | N/A | Ryu et al. (2016) |
| Phosphate and tensin homolog | Negative regulation of P13k/Akt pathway | Increased PTEN degradation | ↑ | Kwak et al. (2010) |
| Protein disulfide isomerase | Protein folding | Loss of function | ↑ | Kabiraj et al. (2016), Uehara et al. (2006), and Wang et al. (2018) |
| Ryanodine receptor | Intracellular calcium release | Increased calcium leak | ↑ | Chakroborty et al. (2015) and Lacampagne et al. (2017) |
| X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis | Inhibition of caspases 3, 4, 7 | Loss of function | ↑ | Nakamura, Wang, et al. (2010) |