Skip to main content
. 2019 Dec 6;10:2813. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02813

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Ralstonia solanacearum biocontrol in host plants by watering with one single phage. (A) In planta biocontrol assays in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants cv. Roma watered with 20 mL of R. solanacearum strain IVIA-1602.1 at 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL (2 × 106 CFU/pot) and the phage vRsoP-WF2 at 109 or 106 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL or their 10-fold dilutions (from 2 × 1010 to 2 × 107 PFU/pot) in irrigation water. Reductions in the incidence of bacterial wilt in the presence of vRsoP-WF2 were significant (p < 0.001) in Experiment 1 for both phage treatments, and also for the diluted lysate in Experiment 2 (p < 0.05). (B) Plants inoculated only with strain IVIA-1602.1 (positive controls) and biocontrol with the phage vRsoP-WF2 can be observed in the left and right side, respectively. Plants inoculated with water (negative controls) were negative. (C) In planta biocontrol assays in tomato (S. lycopersicum) plants cv. Roma watered with 20 mL of R. solanacearum strain IVIA-1602.1 at 105 CFU/mL (2 × 106 CFU/pot) and the phage vRsoP-WF2 at 108 PFU/mL (2 × 109 PFU/pot) in irrigation water. Reductions in the incidence of bacterial wilt in the presence of vRsoP-WF2 were significant (p < 0.001) in Experiment 3. Bars are the means of biocontrol assays carried out in duplicate (Experiments 1 and 2) or triplicate (Experiment 3) with 10 plants per condition. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences with respect to the positive control (dark asterisk p ≤ 0.001; light asterisk p < 0.05).