Table I.
Expression of HIFs in HCC and their association with clinical outcomes.
| HIF | Author, year | Result | Conclusion | Patient samples (n) | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIF-1α | Wada et al, 2006 | Positive expression of HIF-1α in HCC tissues was high | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (60); normal (0) | (126) |
| Dai et al, 2009 | HIF-1α protein and mRNA expression of in HCC tissues were high | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (110); high HIF-1α (42), low HIF-1α (68) | (127) | |
| Xia et al, 2012 | Positive expression of HIF-1α in HCC tissues was higher compared with that in corresponding adjacent tissues | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (416); corresponding adjacent tissue (416) | (128) | |
| Xiang et al, 2012 | Positive expression of HIF-1α in HCC tissues was high | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (69); high HIF-1α (30), low HIF-1α (39) | (129) | |
| Zheng et al, 2013 | HIF-1α protein and mRNA expression of in HCC tissues were high | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (953); high HIF-1α (475), low HIF-1α (478) | (130) | |
| Wang et al, 2014 | MMP2 and HIF-1α protein and mRNA expressions in HCC tissues was higher compared with that in adjacent tissues | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (44); corresponding adjacent tissue (44) | (131) | |
| Cao et al, 2014 | A positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1α and vascular invasion of HCC | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (851); normal (0) | (132) | |
| Liu et al, 2014 | Positive correlation between HBx mutant and HIF-1α expression in HCC tissues | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (101); normal (0) | (133) | |
| Wang et al, 2018 | Positive expression of HIF-1α in HCC tissues was higher compared with that in chronic hepatitis | Overexpression of HIF-1α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (419); chronic hepatitis (49) | (134) | |
| HIF-2α | Bangoura et al, 2007 | Expression of HIF-2α in HCC tissues was higher compare with that in normal tissues | Overexpression of HIF-2α indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC | HCC (315); corresponding adjacent tissue (192); normal (22) | (135) |
| Sun et al, 2013 | Expression of HIF-2α in HCC tissues was low | Expression of HIF-2α is not related to prognosis | HCC (246); high HIF-2α (118), low HIF-2α (128) | (136) | |
| Yao et al, 2015 | Positive correlation between expression of HIF-2α and vascular invasion of HCC | Expression of HIF-2α is not related to prognosis | HCC (1066); normal (0) | (137) | |
| Yang et al, 2016 | Protein level of HIF-2α in HCC tissues was lower compared with that in adjacent tissues | Expression of HIF-2α is not related to prognosis | HCC (206); corresponding adjacent tissue (206) | (138) | |
| Jiang et al, 2018 | Expression of HIF-2α in HCC tissues was lower compared with that in adjacent tissues | Expression of HIF-2α is not related to prognosis | HCC (84); corresponding adjacent tissue (84) | (139) | |
| HIF-3α | Liu et al, 2016 | Inconsistent expression of HIF-3α between HCC tissues and adjacent tissues | Expression of HIF-3α is not related to prognosis | HCC (126); corresponding adjacent tissue (84) | (140) |
HBx, hepatitis B virus protein X; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase.