Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| First author, year | Total number of participants | Number in intervention group | Number in comparator group | Age (years), mean (SD) | Sex female, n (%) | Country | Study design | Duration of intervention (months) | Follow-up measurement (months) |
| Ashe, 2015 [35] | 19 | 12 | 7 | 64 (4.6) | 19 (100) | Canada | 2-arm RCTa | 6 | 3 and 6 |
| Bickmore, 2013 [36] | 263 | 132 | 131 | 71.3 (5.4) | 161 (61.2) | United States | 2-arm RCT | 2 | 2 and 12 |
| Silveira, 2013 [39] | 44 | Indb 14; Socc 13 | 17 | Ind 74 (5); Soc 75 (6); Contd 76 (15) | Ind 10 (71); Soc 8 (62); Cont 10 (59) | Switzerland | 2-arm non-RCT | 3 | 3 |
| Knight, 2014 [40] | 60 | SBe 14; EXf 15; CCg 16 | 15 | 63 (4) | 39 (65) | Canada | 3-arm random, no control | 3 | 3 |
| Lyons, 2017 [37] | 40 | 20 | 20 | 61.5 (5.6) | 34 (85) | United States | 2-arm RCT | 3 | 3 |
| Knight, 2014 [38] | 60 | SB 14; EX 15; CC 16 | 15 | 63 (4) | 39 (65) | Canada | 4-arm RCT | 3 | 3 |
aRCT: randomized controlled trial.
bInd: individual intervention group.
cSoc: social intervention group.
dCont: control group.
eSB: sedentary behavior intervention.
fEX: physical activity intervention.
gCC: combined intervention.