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. 2019 Dec 6;10:2889. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02889

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Antiviral factors and pathways were highly activated in HSV/HIV exposed dendritic cells. Dendritic cells were exposed to HSV-2 or complement opsonized virus (CHSV-2) for 2 h followed by HIV or complement opsonized HIV (CHIV) infection for 22 h. (A) Heat map from RNA seq data of antiviral factors significantly up or down regulated in one or several of the HIV, CHIV, HSV-2/HIV, or CHSV-2/CHIV infection conditions compared to mock treated DCs (B) mRNA expression levels of IFN-β, and MXA were accessed by PCR. Data were normalized to mock set as 1. (C) Levels of secreted IFN-β were evaluated by ELISA. (D) Level of STAT1 phosphorylation was assessed in lysates from DCs exposed to HSV-2 or CHSV-2 for 2 h followed by HIV or CHIV exposure for 4 h by phosphoprotein bead array. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.0005. N = 5–8.