Table 1.
Participant Characteristics Among HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Premenopausal, Postmenopausal, and Postmenopausal Women on Hormone Replacement Therapy
| Groups | HIV-negative Pre | HIV-negative Post | HIV-negative Post+HRT | HIV-positive Pre | HIV-positive Post | HIV-positive Post+HRT | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 30 | 29 | 5 | 30 | 29 | 7 | p |
| Participant characteristics | |||||||
| Agea | 37.7 ± 1 | 55.3 ± 1.6 | 49.4 ± 3 | 39.9 ± 1 | 52.2 ± 0.7 | 49.4 ± 2.3 | <.001 |
| Raceb | ns | ||||||
| White | 6 (20) | 6 (20.8) | 0 (0) | 5 (16.7) | 3 (10.3) | 1 (14.3) | |
| Black | 19 (63.3) | 17 (58.7) | 4 (80) | 24 (80) | 24 (82.8) | 6 (85.8) | |
| Hispanic | 1 (3.3) | 4 (13.8) | 1 (20) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (3.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Other | 4 (13.3) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Reproductive tract infectionsb | ns | ||||||
| Trichomonas | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Candida | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | 2 (6) | 2 (6.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Bacterial vaginosis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.4) | 0 (0) | |
| Contraceptive useb,c | 0 (0) | N/A | N/A | 4 (13.3) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Menstrual cycle stageb | |||||||
| Proliferative | 14 (48.3) | N/A | N/A | 9 (36) | N/A | N/A | ns |
| Secretory | 13 (44.8) | N/A | N/A | 12 (48) | N/A | N/A | |
| Perimenopausal | 1 (3.4) | N/A | N/A | 4 (16) | N/A | N/A | |
| Clinical variables | |||||||
| CD4 count (cells/μL)a | N/A | N/A | N/A | 412 ± 40.4 | 290.1 ± 56 | 333.3 ± 146.6 | .001 |
| Plasma viral load (log copies/mL)a | N/A | N/A | N/A | 4.79 ± 4.43 | 5.24 ± 4.8 | 5.34 ± 4.95 | .02 |
All values are “at visit.” None of the HIV-positive women were on ARV for at least the past 6 months.
a
Data presented as mean ± SEM.
b
Data presented as N (%).
c
Hormonal contraceptive in past 6 months.
ARV, antiretroviral; N/A, not applicable; ns, nonsignificant; Pre, premenopausal; Post, postmenopausal; Post+HRT, postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy.