Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to case-control
| case (n = 412) | control (n = 456) | Pa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Median LCD score | 8.9 | 2.6 | 9.0 | 2.6 | 0.27 |
| Age, year | 46.3 | 10.4 | 44.2 | 11.3 | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 | 5.2 | 28.8 | 6.1 | 0.03 |
| Physical activity (MET h/wk) | 20.1 | 25.1 | 26.4 | 37.1 | 0.001 |
| Age at menarche, y | 13.0 | 2.4 | 12.9 | 2.6 | 0.31 |
| Educational level, n% | |||||
| Un university | 83.2 | 84.3 | 0.66 | ||
| University | 16.7 | 15.7 | |||
| Married, % | 81.1 | 84.4 | < 0.001 | ||
| Family history of breast cancer (yes), % | 10.19 | 1.54 | < 0.001 | ||
| Oral contraceptive use (yes), % | 52.8 | 61.3 | 0.02 | ||
| Postmenopausal hormone use, % | 0.49 | 1.97 | 0.05 | ||
| Current smoking, % | 3.4 | 4.9 | 0.21 | ||
| Alcohol intake, % | 2.43 | 5.83 | 0.01 | ||
| Fertility treatment, % | 4.6 | 6.4 | 0.26 | ||
| Nulligravid, % | 13.3 | 16.0 | 0.27 | ||
| Parity | |||||
| Nulliparous/missing | 43.4 | 42.9 | 0.94 | ||
| 1 | 8.7 | 9.2 | |||
| 2–3 | 33.0 | 31.8 | |||
| ≥ 4 | 14.8 | 16.0 | |||
| Whole grains (g/d) | 93.2 | 96.4 | 91.2 | 101.2 | 0.38 |
| Refined grains (g/d) | 321.1 | 179.3 | 305.1 | 174.2 | 0.09 |
| Fruits (g/d) | 564.3 | 384.2 | 569.1 | 372.2 | 0.42 |
| Vegetables (g/d) | 301.6 | 242.1 | 316.6 | 211.5 | 0.16 |
| Legumes (g/d) | 47.3 | 51.8 | 51.8 | 81.5 | 0.16 |
| Red meat (g/d) | 13.8 | 18.9 | 16.2 | 21.5 | 0.04 |
| Energy (kcal) | 2572.1 | 820.2 | 2522.2 | 860.9 | 0.19 |
| Carbohydrate intake (% of energy) | 51.5 | 10.2 | 51.2 | 10.0 | 0.36 |
| Protein intake(% of energy) | 12.3 | 3.2 | 12.7 | 3.8 | 0.04 |
| Fat intake (% of energy) | 38.4 | 11.0 | 38.3 | 10.9 | 0.42 |
| Fiber intake (g/d) | 22.1 | 9.9 | 22.4 | 10.4 | 0.35 |
Values are mean (SD) or percentages
aχ2 Test for ordinal qualitative variables and ANOVA for continuous variables