Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies (N = 39) and the interventions they studied. An extended table (Additional file 2) is available in an online annex. [RCT = Randomized controlled trial; NRS=Non-randomized controlled study]
| Categories | Variable | Number of studies |
|---|---|---|
| Level of intervention | Environmental | 4 [29, 30, 34, 57] |
| Multi-level: Organizational & Individual | 14 [31, 33, 36, 40, 42, 43, 50, 51, 53–55, 60, 65, 66] | |
| Multi-level: Environmental & Individual | 10 [32, 35, 37–39, 56, 58, 62–64] | |
| Multi-level: Environmental, Organizational & Individual | 11 [41, 44–49, 52, 59, 61, 67] | |
| Behavioral target of intervention | Physical Activity & Nutrition | 16 [40, 42–50, 52, 55, 56, 60, 63, 64] |
| Physical activity | 22 [29–32, 34–39, 41, 51, 53, 54, 57–59, 61, 62, 65–67] | |
| Nutrition | 1 [33] | |
| Continent | Australia | 4 [29, 38, 59, 61] |
| USA | 18 [30, 31, 33, 37, 39, 40, 42–44, 46–48, 50, 52, 55, 56, 60, 62] | |
| Europe | 17 [32, 34–36, 41, 45, 49, 51, 53, 54, 57, 58, 63–67] | |
| Sector/ industry | Health care provider or insurance | 9 [33, 35, 36, 40, 46, 51, 65–67] |
| Services & administration | 10 [29–31, 37, 41, 53, 54, 56, 57, 61] | |
| Manufacturing | 4 [44, 49, 50, 52] | |
| Communication | 2 [38, 60] | |
| Education | 1 [43] | |
| Multiple sectors | 13 [32, 34, 39, 42, 45, 47, 48, 55, 58, 59, 62–64] | |
| Type of study | RCT | 19 [30–32, 35–37, 39, 41, 42, 51, 55–58, 61–64, 66] |
| NRS | 20 [29, 33, 34, 38, 40, 43–50, 52–54, 59, 60, 65, 67] | |
| Intervention duration | > 12 weeks | 4 [31, 35, 39, 59] |
| > 12 months | 10 [29, 32, 34, 37, 38, 40, 53, 54, 58, 61] | |
| ≤ 12 months | 22 [30, 36, 41–44, 46–52, 55, 56, 60, 62–67] | |
| Not stated | 3 [33, 45, 57] | |
| Work-related outcomes | Absenteeism | 14 [43–56] |
| Work performance | 5 [29–33] | |
| Workability | 3 [34–36] | |
| Productivity | 6 [37–42] | |
| Multiple work-related outcomes | 11 [57–67] | |
| Measurement of work-related outcomes | Objective measurement | 12 [30, 31, 33, 43–51] |
| Subjective measurement | 22 [29, 32, 34–37, 39–42, 52–56, 58–61, 64, 65, 67] | |
| Both objective & subjective measurement | 5 [38, 57, 62, 63, 66] | |
| Other outcomes | Health-related or other outcomes | 25 [29, 30, 32, 34, 36–44, 49, 53, 54, 56, 58–61, 63–65, 67] |
| Not stated | 14 [31, 33, 35, 45–48, 50–52, 55, 57, 62, 66] |