FIG. 3.

Adipocyte Nox4 leads to a shift in adipose immune profile. (A) Nutrient excess leading to obesity causes a shift in immune cell populations. Adipose tissue comprised both adipocytes expressing mainly Nox4 and immune cells expressing Nox2. (B) Exposure to excess nutrients causes the localization of Nox4 to lipid rafts of adipocytes and increased H₂O₂. Elevated levels of adipose H₂O₂ increase MCP-1 and could potentially induce apoptosis of homeostatic immune cells, resulting in a shift toward insulin resistance and inflammation observed in obesity. H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1. Color images are available online.