Figure 1.

Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (gray bars) and meconium aspiration syndrome (solid circles) over the 15-year period after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved inhaled nitric oxide for persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns (16). The marked reduction in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for meconium aspiration syndrome contrasts with little change in its use for congenital diaphragmatic hernia over this period.