Table 2.
Estimated Odds Ratios and Rate Ratios for IADL Limitations Associated With 5 Year Increase of Age*, for Each Group of Chronic Conditions
| Chronic Conditions | OR† | CI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grooming‡ | No chronic conditions | 2.26 | (1.55; 3.29) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.80 | (1.54; 2.11) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.54 | (1.40; 1.70) | |
| Managing finances‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.04 | (0.92; 1.17) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.19 | (1.12; 1.27) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.49 | (1.42; 1.55) | |
| Household tasks‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.94 | (1.74; 2.17) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.74 | (1.66; 1.82) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.66 | (1.60; 1.72) | |
| Preparing a meal‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.77 | (1.53; 2.04) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.60 | (1.51; 1.69) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.58 | (1.52; 1.64) | |
| Handling medication‡ | No chronic conditions | 2.41 | (1.92; 3.04) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.70 | (1.56; 1.86) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.36 | (1.30; 1.44) | |
| Grocery shopping‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.91 | (1.65; 2.21) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.70 | (1.61; 1.79) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.48 | (1.43; 1.54) | |
| Using the telephone‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.88 | (1.38; 2.55) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.84 | (1.63; 2.06) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.49 | (1.38; 1.61) | |
| Traveling‡ | No chronic conditions | 2.05 | (1.80; 2.34) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.78 | (1.69; 1.88) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.57 | (1.52; 1.63) | |
| Walking‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.67 | (1.46; 1.92) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.71 | (1.62; 1.81) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.29 | (1.24; 1.34) | |
| Chronic Conditions | RR† | CI | |
| Number of IADL limitations (0–9)‡ | No chronic conditions | 1.56 | (1.37; 1.77) |
| 1–2 chronic conditions | 1.42 | (1.35; 1.51) | |
| ≥3 chronic conditions | 1.25 | (1.19; 1.30) |
Notes: CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio between age (per 5 years) and the interaction with each group of multiple chronic conditions; RR = rate ratio between age (per 5 years) and the interaction with each group of multiple chronic conditions.
*Age was centered at 60 years (ie, subtract 60 from each patients age) and divided by 5. Centering was used to obtain corrected risks at age 60 years; the purpose of the division was to obtain an increase in risk (odds ratio) per 5 years to enhance interpretation.
†Adjusted for gender, education, socioeconomic status, marital status at inclusion, and living situation at inclusion.
‡No p values comparing multiple chronic condition (MCC) groups were produced because of the constraints of models used. Age effects may be compared by interpreting confidence intervals, with more overlap of intervals indicating less distinctive effects.