Table 3.
Effect of Rapamycin on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity in Mice
| Reference | Strain (Sex) and Age of Mice | Dose | Duration of Treatment | Glucose Tolerance | Insulin Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang et al. (60) | KK/HIJ(M)a 4–6 wk |
2 mg/kg* | 42 d | Decrease | Decrease |
| Lamming et al. (58) | C57BL/6 (M&F) age? | 2 mg/kg* | 2 wk | Decrease | Decrease |
| Yang et al. (61) | B6D2F1(?) old | 14 ppm | 1 mo | Decrease | NC |
| Fok et al. (43) | C57BL/6 (M) 2 mo |
14 ppm | 6 mo | Decrease | NC |
| Laming et al. (66) | UM-HET3(M) 6 mo |
14 ppm | 3 and 12 wk | Decrease | NC |
| Laming et al. (66) | UM-HET3(M) 21 mo |
14 ppm | 3 and 12 wk | Decrease | NC |
| Fang et al. (64) | Mixed(M) 3 mo |
4 mg/kg* | 2 wk | Decrease | Decrease |
| Fang et al. (64) | Mixed(M) 3 mo |
4 mg/kg* | 6 wk | Decrease | NC |
| Fang et al. (64) | Mixed(M) 3 mo |
4 mg/kg* | 5 mo | Decrease | Increase |
| Miller et al. (18) | UM-HET3 (M&F) 4 mo |
4.7, 14, 42 ppm | 1 mo | Decrease | -- |
| Liu et al. (59) | UM-HET3(M)b 10–12 mo |
14 ppm | 2 and 4 mo | Decrease | Decrease |
| Liu et al. (59) | C57BL/6(M)b 2 mo |
14 ppm | 2 and 4 mo | Decrease | Decrease |
| Reifsnyder et al. (67) | KK(M) 8–11 wk |
14 ppm | 2–6 wk | NC | NC |
| Reifsnyder et al. (67) | KK-Ay(M) 8–11 wk |
14 ppm | 2–6 wk | NC | NC |
| Reifsnyder et al. (67) | NcZ10(M) 8–11 wk |
14 ppm | 2–6 wk | NC | Increase |
| Reifsnyder et al. (67) | BKS-db/db(M) 8–11 wk |
14 ppm | 2–6 wk | NC | Increase |
| Reifsnyder et al. (67) | NcZ10(M) 8–11 wk |
14 ppm | 2–6 wk | NC | Increase |
| Lesniewski et al. (65) | B6D2F1(M) ~4 mo old |
14 ppm | 6–8 wk | Decrease | -- |
| Lesniewski et al. (65) | B6D2F1(M) 30 mo old |
14 ppm | 6–8 wk | Increase | -- |
| Samidurai et al. (68) |
db/db(?) adult |
Rapatarc | 10 wk | Increase | Increase |
| Fang et al. (35) | GHR-KO(M) 3 mo |
4 mg/kg* | 5 mo | NC | Decrease |
| den Hartigh et al. (69) | C57BL/6(M)a 10 wk |
14 ppm | 5 mo | Increase | Increase |
| Weiss et al. (73) | UM-HET3 (M&F) 4 mo | 14 ppm | 1, 2, 3, and 9 mo | Decrease | Decrease |
Notes: NC = no change. Unless otherwise indicated, rapamycin was given in the food. The asterisk shows those studies where rapamycin was given by i.p. injection.
aMice fed a high-fat diet.
bMice fed either a high-fat or low-fat diet.
cRapatar is a polymeric formulation of rapamycin fed at 0.75 mg/kg in water.