Table 2.

Up-to-Date Models for Nanostructures Designed and Tested for Efficient PC Therapy

Type of Nano-System	Name of Nano-System	Drug Formulated	Testing Phase
Polymer-drug	Poly(ethylene glycol)-P(HEMASN38)	SN3S	Preclinical: in vivo
	Poly (TPGS)-PEG-GEM	Gemcitabine	Preclinical: in vitro
	Methacrylate-based GEM-monomer conjugate 3	Gemcitabine	Preclinical: in vitro
Poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (2 methyl-2- carboxyl-propylene carbonate)-graft-dodecanol-graft-cationic ligand	Gemcitabine	Preclinical: in vivo
Block copolymer	Styrene-maleic acid	CDF	Preclinical: in vivo
Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(glutamic acid)	Oxaliplatin	Preclinical: in vivo
Mixed micelles	Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-b-polycaprolactone) (PVP- b-PCL) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-b- poly(dioxanone-co-methyl dioxanone)) (PVP-b- P(DX-co-MeDX)	Gemcitabine, doxorubicin. Doxorubicin hydrochloride. 5- fluorouracil paclitaxel	Preclinical: in vitro
Graft polymer	Poly(allylamine)-g-cholesterol	BNIPDAoct	Preclinical: in vivo
Dendrimer	PAMAM-hyaluronic acid	CDF	Preclinical: in vitro
Poly(ethylene glycol)-PMAM-poly(ethylene glycol)-Flt-2	Gemcitabine Hydrochloride	Preclinical: in vitro
Thermo-responsive polymer	Poly(diEGMAco-OEGMA300)-b-PEHMA	Squalenoyl-gemcitabine	Preclinical: in vitro
pH-responsive polymer	Poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)	Curcumin	Preclinical: in vitro
Ultrasound-responsive nano-emulsion	PEG-PLLA	Paclitaxel	Preclinical: In vivo
Albumin	Abraxane®	Paclitaxel	FDA approved 2013
Abraxane®/Gemcitabine	Paclitaxel & gemcitabine	Phase III
Inorganic nanoparticle	Iron oxide-dextran-DOX	Doxorubicin	Preclinical: in vitro
	Iron oxide-antiCD47-GEM	Gemcitabine	Preclinical: in vitro
	Iron oxide-gold	BNIPDSpm	Preclinical: in vivo
Iron oxide-gold-GEM	Gemcitabine	Preclinical: in vivo

Notes: Reprinted with permission from Manzur A, Oluwasanmi A, Moss D, Curtis A, Hoskins C. Nanotechnologies in pancreatic cancer therapy. Pharmaceutics. 2017;9(4):39.⁷⁶