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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 May 30;18(2):347–359.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.05.032

Table 1:

Immigrant Gastric Cancer Risk Study Characteristics

Country Authors and Year Group Type of Ratio Increase Magnitude
Country/Region Sex (M,F) Generation (1st, 2nd)
Canada Sutradhar et al., 2018 72 All immigrants, East Asia and Pacific, Europe and Central Asia, China, Korea Both 1st Hazard Ratio Yes 1.10–4.44
Denmark Ducarroz et al., 2015 24 All immigrants, Former Yugoslavia, Europe Men 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.28–2.23
Germany Kaucher, Kajüter, Becher, & Winkler, 2018 27 Former Soviet Union Men 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.62
Cho, Jaehn, Holleczek, Becher, & Winkler, 2018 28 Former Soviet Union Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 2.22–2.32
Jaehn et al., 2016 43 Former Soviet Union Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.98–3.04
Winkler, Holleczek, Stegmaier, & Becher, 2014 73 Former Soviet Union Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 2.68–3.04
Winkler, Ott, Holleczek, Stegmaier, & Becher, 2009 29 Former Soviet Union Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.44–2.81
Netherlands Arnold et al., 2013 44 Turkey Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.7–2.2
Arnold et al., 2011 45 Turkey Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.4–1.9
Norway Hjerkind et al., 2017 74 Eastern Europe Both 1st Age Standardized Rate Yes 7.5–13.4
Sweden Mousavi & Hemminki, 2015 40 All immigrants, High Risk Countries, South America, Other East Europe, Asian Arab, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Former Yugoslavia, Iran, Russia, Turkey Both Both Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.20–4.18
Mousavi, Sundquist, & Hemminki, 2013 75 Chile Men 1st Age Standardized Incidence Rate Yes 17.6
Mousavi et al., 2012 23 High Risk Countries, Other Countries, All Immigrants Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.77–2.33
Hemminki & Li, 2002 41 Eastern Europe, Asia, All descendants Both 2nd Standardized Incidence Ratio No .78–4.37
Hemminki, Li, & Czene, 2002 76 All immigrants, Eastern Europe, Estonia, Yugoslavia, Asia, Turkey, Romania Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.24 – 5.05
Nilsson et al., 1993 77 Estonia Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 1.56–2.04
United States Ziadeh et al., 2017 38 Middle East Both Both Proportional Incidence Ratio Yes 1.46–3.13
Kamineni et al., 1999 39 Japan, China Both Both Rate Ratio Yes 2.2–5.8
Cho et al., 199628 Korea Both 1st 3 year Age Adjusted Cumulative Incidence Rate Yes 172 per 100000
Gregorio et al.., 1992 22 Portugal Both 1st Standardized Incidence Ratio Yes 4.27
Maskarinec & Noh, 2004 18 Japan Both 1st Migration Effect* Yes 2.06–2.77
*

• Not an incidence rate.