Table 2.
Self-reported prevalence of cardiovascular diseases or their cardiometabolic risk factors and association with the inadequacy of lifestyle recommendations among individuals ≥35 years in South Australia in 2017 (N = 2384)
| % | Visited GP (%)a |
Inadequacy of lifestyle recommendations1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low fruit/ vegetable intake (%)b |
Low physical activity level (%)b |
High alcohol consumption (%)b |
Current smoker (%) |
|||
|
Overall (95%CI) |
93.7 (92.4–94.8) | 64.8 (62.5–67.0) | 67.1 (64.7;69.4) | 28.6 (26.4–30.9) | 16.1 (14.2–18.3) | |
| Cardiometabolic risk factors | ||||||
| Obesityc | 26.1 | 97.6** | 66.7 | 75.3*** | 30.7 | 13.1 |
| Hypertension | 35.8 | 98.7*** | 67.5 | 70.0 | 28.9 | 14.6 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 30.2 | 98.3*** | 61.2 | 70.9* | 28.5 | 16.7 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14.9 | 99.3** | 61.7 | 74.1* | 25.4 | 16.2 |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||||
| Myocardial infarction or angina | 9.7 | 99.1* | 61.1 | 75.6** | 28.6 | 16.8 |
| Heart failure | 2.7 | 100.0** | 56.5 | 77.1 | 13.0 | 25.0 |
| Stroke | 2.0 | 96.9 | 64.3 | 69.0 | 17.1 | 8.5 |
P-value * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; *** < 0.001
1 Results adjusted for sociodemographic variables (sex, age, area of residence, marital status, education level, dwelling, socioeconomic position, working status) and mental health status
a Visited a GP in the last 12 months for any reason
b Low fruit and vegetable intake < 5 portions of fruit and/or vegetables/day; low physical activity level < 150 min/week of moderate/vigorous physical activity; high alcohol consumption > 2 standard doses of alcohol/day
c Body mass index ≥30.0 kg/m2 based on self-reported information for weight and height