Table 1.
Some genes and pathways engineered to improve optical pure 2,3-BDO production.
| Organism | 2,3-BDO biosynthesis genes | Pathway | Precursor | Isomer | Titer (g/L) | Enantiopurity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Escherichia Coli | K. pneumoniae budA, budB, budC | − | Glucose | meso- | 17.7 | 98% | [107] |
| K. pneumoniae budA, budC | Conversion of R-acetoin to meso-butanediol | Glucose | meso- | 15.3 | 99% | [108] | |
| K. pneumoniae budA, budC, ydjL from Bacillus subtilis | No isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) addition | Glucose | (R,R) | 115 | 99% | [109] | |
| Enterobacter cloacae | knock out of bdh, ldh, and frdA, and inactivation of ptsG, and overexpression of (2R,3R) bdh and galP | Blocking pathways of conversion from glucose to meso -2,3-BD, and pyrivate to lactate, succinate, and (2S, 3S)-2,3-BD | Xylose and glucose | (R,R) | 152 | 98% | [101] |
| Pichia pastoris | B. subtilis alsS, alsD genes, and S.cerevisiaeBDH1 | Conversion of pyruvate to R-acetoin, then converted to (2R, 3R)-2,3-butanediol | Glucose | (R,R) | 74.5 | 99% | [55] |
| Bacillus subtilis |
K. pneumoniae budC, deletion of bdhA, pta and ldh,and knock out of acoA |
Conversion of D-(-) acetoin to meso-2,3-BD | Glucose | meso- | 103.7 | 99% | [110] |
| Bacillus licheniformis | Deletion of gldA | − | Miscanthus floridulus Hydrolysate |
meso- | 48.5 | Not tested | [111] |