Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of stable RTR compared to that in healthy kidney donors 1.
| Variable | Donors n = 275 |
RTR n = 660 |
p-Value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 53.3 ± 10.7 | 53.0 ± 12.7 | 0.68 |
| Male, n (%) | 112 (41) | 379 (57) | 0.001 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.90 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 39 (14) | 78 (12) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol intake, g/day | 6.7 (1.1–16.4) | 3.1 (0.1–11.9) | <0.001 |
| Energy intake, kcal/day | 2295 ± 746 | 2182 ± 642 | 0.04 |
| Niacin equivalents intake, mg/day 3 | 37.4 ± 10.8 | 35.6 ± 9.2 | 0.03 |
| Tryptophan intake, mg/day | 1089 ± 308 | 1059 ± 271 | 0.19 |
| Niacin intake, mg/day | 19.2 ± 6.2 | 17.9 ± 5.2 | 0.01 |
| N1-MN excretion, μmol/day | 41.4 (31.6–57.2) | 22.0 (15.8–31.8) | <0.001 |
| <17.3 μmol/day, n (%) | 4 (2) | 202 (31) | 0.03 |
| Plasma vitamin B6 (nmol/L) | 42.0 (29.8–60.3) | 29.0 (17.5–49.5) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 125.1 ± 13.9 | 135.8 ± 17.3 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 75.6 ± 9.1 | 82.5 ± 11.0 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, (%) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 5.8 (5.5–6.2) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 91.0 ± 14.2 | 53.0 ± 20.0 | <0.001 |
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 4 (2) | 127 (19) | <0.001 |
| Proton pump inhibitor, n (%) | 5 (2) | 326 (49) | <0.001 |
| Diuretic, n (%) | 9 (3) | 261 (40) | <0.001 |
1 Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (IQR) and absolute number (percentage) for normally distributed, skewed and nominal data, respectively. 2 p-value for difference was tested by t and Mann-Whitney tests for normally and skewed distributed continuous variables, respectively, and Chi-Square tests for nominal variables. 3 Intake of niacin equivalents was calculated by adding up niacin and one-sixtieth of tryptophan intake. Subjects who were using niacin supplementation were excluded. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; N1-MN, N1-methylnicotinamide; RTR, renal transplant recipients.