Figure 5.

Effects of piperlongumine (PL) on NF-κB activation in MCF-7 cells. (A) The nuclear translocation of Nf-κB p65 was determined using nuclear fractionation and Western blotting. Lamin B and GAPDH were used as loading controls. (B) The expression of p-IκBα and IKKβ was examined by Western blotting. GAPDH and IκBα were used as loading controls. (C) The mRNA expression of IKKβ was determined using real time PCR. GAPDH was used as the internal control gene. The images shown are representatives of three independent experiments. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n = 3). * Significantly different compared with the control (p < 0.05). ^# Significantly different compared to 20 µM PL (p < 0.05).