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Expression of the plasma membrane repair-related genes annexin 1 (ANX 1), fibronectin (FN 1), and dysferlin (DYSF); the chromatin repair-related genes histone H3 (H3) and high mobility group protein B (HMGB); and a mitochondrial ROS modulator (ROMO 1) as determined by the real-time RT-qPCR in exosomes treated and untreated sperm. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Different lower case letters, a, or b represent a significant difference p < 0.05.
