Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate risk of morphometric vertebral deformities in pre-menopausal women.
| Characteristics | Total n = 209 (%) |
Fracture n = 10 (%) |
No Fracture n = 199 (%) |
Univariate OR (95% CI) | Multivariate OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age, years (range) | 46 (26–72) | 47.5 (44–55) | 45 (26–63) | 1.14 (1.01–1.29) | 1.10 (0.97–1.26) |
| Dietary daily calcium intake | |||||
| ≤RDA | 140 (67.0) | 10 (100.0) | 130 (65.3) | – | - |
| <RDA | 69 (33.0) | 0 (0.0) | 69 (34.7) | ||
| Normal physical activity | |||||
| No | 67 (32.5) | 4 (40.0) | 63 (32.1) | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 139 (67.5) | 6 (60.0) | 133 (67.9) | 0.71 (0.19–2.60) | |
| Smoking habits | |||||
| Never smoker | 163 (78.7) | 9 (90.0) | 154 (78.2) | 1.00 | - |
| Current or former smoker | 44 (21.3) | 1 (10.0) | 43 (21.8) | 0.40 (0.04–3.22) | |
| Back pain | |||||
| No | 109 (52.7) | 5 (50.0) | 104 (52.8) | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 98 (47.3) | 5 (50.0) | 93 (47.2) | 1.12 (0.31–3.99) | |
| Bisphosphonate therapy | |||||
| No | 190 (94.1) | 8 (80.0) | 182 (94.8) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 12 (5.9) | 2 (20.0) | 10 (5.2) | 4.55 (0.85–24.29) | - |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | |||||
| <25 | 141 (67.8) | 8 (80.0) | 133 (67.2) | – | - |
| 25–29 | 51 (24.5) | 2 (20.0) | 49 (24.7) | ||
| ≥30 | 16 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (8.1) | ||
| CTX | |||||
| CTX < 0.6 | 84 (64.6) | 6 (75.0) | 78 (63.9) | 1.00 | - |
| CTX ≥ 0.6 | 46(35.4) | 2 (25.0) | 44 (36.1) | 0.59 (0.11–3.05) | |
| Bone mineral density (BMD) | |||||
| T score > −1.0 | 65 (37.2) | 1 (10.0) | 64 (35.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| T score > −2.5 and ≤ −1.0 | 90 (43.1) | 2 (20.0) | 88 (48.1) | 1.45 (0.12–16.38) | 1.42 (0.12-16.11) |
| T score ≤−2.5 | 38 (19.7) | 7 (70.0) | 31 (16.9) | 14.45 (1.70–122.67) | 11.6 (1.34-101.1) |
| Endocrine therapy | |||||
| LHRH+AI or LHRH alone | 87 (41.6) | 1 (10.0) | 86 (43.2) | 1.00 | - |
| LHRH+TAM or TAM+AI+LHRH | 122 (58.4) | 9 (90.0) | 113 (56.8) | 6.85 (0.85–55.09) | |
| Vitamin D level (ng/mL) | |||||
| >10 | 180 (90.5) | 9 (90.0) | 171 (90.5) | 1.00 | - |
| ≤10 | 19 (9.5) | 1 (10.0) | 18 (9.5) | 1.05 (0.12–8.81) | |
| PTH | |||||
| Normal | 169 (92.3) | 10 (100.0) | 159 (91.1) | – | - |
| Abnormal | 14 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (8.1) | ||
| pT | |||||
| T0–T1 | 145 (75.5) | 7 (77.8) | 138 (75.4) | 1.00 | - |
| T2–T3 | 47 (24.5) | 2 (22.2) | 45 (24.6) | 0.87 (0.17–4.37) | |
| pN | |||||
| N0 | 113 (61.7) | 6 (75.0) | 107 (61.1) | 1.00 | |
| N1 | 70 (38.3) | 2 (25.0) | 68 (38.9) | 0.52 (0.10–2.67) |
RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance; OR: Odds ratio; CTX: Carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; AI: Aromatase inhibitor; TAM: Tamoxifen; LHRH: Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone; pT: Primary tumor; pN: Regional lymph nodes; PTH: parathyroid hormone.