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. 2019 Nov 17;8(11):2008. doi: 10.3390/jcm8112008

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Osseous consolidation in the study cohort. (A,C) show the time from surgery till first (1st) or till second (2nd) X-ray, respectively. (B,D) show the osseous consolidation at the 1st and 2nd X-ray, respectively. Osseous consolidation is given in %. (E) The consolidation rate was determined as: Δ osseous consolidation (2nd X-ray—1st X-ray)/Δ time (2nd X-ray—1st X-ray). Data are represented as scatter diagrams (mean ± 95% CI). (F) Extrapolation of the resulting mean (line) ± SEM (surrounding area) consolidation rates of the ELF-PEMF and placebo group. Two-tailed Mann–Whitney U-test was used to determine p-values. N = 34 per group (geometric mean of n = 3).