Table 1.
List of publications in which dopamine-glutamate co-release has been targeted to probe its putative behavioral roles. Main results summarized. – indicates no change; ↑ increase; ↓ decrease. Abbreviations: RT-PP, real-time place preference; VTA, ventral tegmental area.
| Study (Listed in Alphabetical Order) | Strategy to Target DA-Glutamate Co-Release | Test | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alsiö et al., 2011 [61] | Vglut2f/f;DAT-Cre | Sucrose preference | lower threshold |
| Sucrose self-administration | ↑ responding under food restriction | ||
| ↑ consumption when fed ad libitum | |||
| Cocaine self-administration | ↑ for lower doses | ||
| ↑ responding for cocaine-associated cues | |||
| Birgner et al., 2010 [54] | Vglut2f/f;DAT-Cre | Rotarod (crude motor coordination) | − |
| Beam walking (fine motor coordination) | − | ||
| Elevated plus maze (anxiety) | ↑ latency to move | ||
| Multi-variate concentric square field (anxiety and risk analysis) | ↑ risk-taking behavior | ||
| Forced swim test (depression) | − | ||
| Radial maze | − | ||
| Acute amphetamine | dose-dependent alterations | ||
| Fortin et al., 2012 [62] | Vglut2f/f;DAT-Cre | Rotarod (crude motor coordination) | ↓ motor performance |
| Forced swim test (depression) | ↓ latency to immobility | ||
| Spontaneous activity in novel environment | ↓ horizontal activity | ||
| Acute amphetamine | ↓ locomotor responses | ||
| Acute cocaine | ↓ locomotor responses | ||
| Hnasko et al., 2010 [63] | Vglut2f/f;DAT-Cre | Spontaneous locomotion | − |
| Rotarod (crude motor coordination) | − | ||
| Acute cocaine | ↓ locomotor responses | ||
| Cocaine sensitization | − | ||
| Cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) | − | ||
| Mingote et al., 2017 [64] | DATIREScre/+::GLS1lox/+ | Rotarod (crude motor coordination) | − |
| Novelty induced locomotion | − | ||
| Elevated plus maze (anxiety) | − | ||
| Fear conditioning | − | ||
| Acute amphetamine | − | ||
| Amphetamine sensitization | ↓ | ||
| Latent inhibition | ↑ | ||
| Papathanou et al., 2018 [24] | Vglut2f/f;DAT-CreERT2 | Amphetamine and cocaine sensitization | − (baseline AMPA/NMDA ratio altered) |
| Wang et al., 2017 [65] | Vglut2f/f;DAT-Cre | RT-PP (optogenetics in VTA) | − |
| Self-stimulation (optogenetics in VTA) | no effects on acquisition ↓ responses in higher laser power stimulation |