Influence of autophagy-related ULK-1 protein expression and activity on bacterial clearance within MDM from CD patients. (A) Western blot and quantification of ULK-1, p62 and IRGM proteins levels in MDM from CD patients (n = 10), UC patients (n = 12) and healthy volunteers (n = 4 for ULK-1 and P62 protein levels and n = 3 for IRGM protein level), infected during 10 h or not with AIEC LF82 bacteria. Results are quantified relative to GAPDH. (B) Correlation between the number of intra-macrophagic bacteria reflecting the bacteria survival and ULK-1 protein level in MDM infected with AIEC LF82 (n = 26). (C) Western Blot quantification of p-ULK-1 Ser757 protein level in MDM from CD patients (n = 13), UC patients (n = 14) and healthy volunteers (CTL) (n = 14), infected during 10 h or not with AIEC LF82 bacteria. All the subjects included in this analysis are from the clinical protocol. Results are quantified relative to total ULK-1. (mean ± s.e.m., * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001).