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. 2019 Nov 11;8(11):1418. doi: 10.3390/cells8111418

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Adipose chemokine CC motif ligand-5 (CCL5) protein expression is elevated in obesity. CCL5 transcripts/messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was assessed in four lean, 18 overweight, and 23 obese non-diabetic subjects using real-time RT-PCR, while CCL5 protein expression was determined in six lean, 14 overweight, and 10 obese non-diabetic subjects using immunohistochemistry (IHC) as described in Materials and Methods. The data (mean ± SEM) show that (A) increase in CCL5 transcripts in overweight and obese compared with lean individuals was non-significant (P > 0.05). (B) CCL5 protein expression (IHC intensity shown in arbitrary units) was increased in obese (P < 0.0001) as compared with lean subjects. (C) The representative IHC images obtained from three independent determinations with similar results show increased CCL5 adipose expression (turquoise arrows, 100× magnification) in overweight and obese as compared with lean individuals. Scale bar = 50 μM. (D) IRF5 and CCL5 gene expression correlated in the adipose tissue (r = 0.40, P = 0.02). The **** asterisks represent significance level of P < 0.0001.

Adipose chemokine CC motif ligand-5 (CCL5) protein expression is elevated in obesity. CCL5 transcripts/messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was assessed in four lean, 18 overweight, and 23 obese non-diabetic subjects using real-time RT-PCR, while CCL5 protein expression was determined in six lean, 14 overweight, and 10 obese non-diabetic subjects using immunohistochemistry (IHC) as described in Materials and Methods. The data (mean ± SEM) show that (A) increase in CCL5 transcripts in overweight and obese compared with lean individuals was non-significant (P > 0.05). (B) CCL5 protein expression (IHC intensity shown in arbitrary units) was increased in obese (P < 0.0001) as compared with lean subjects. (C) The representative IHC images obtained from three independent determinations with similar results show increased CCL5 adipose expression (turquoise arrows, 100× magnification) in overweight and obese as compared with lean individuals. Scale bar = 50 μM. (D) IRF5 and CCL5 gene expression correlated in the adipose tissue (r = 0.40, P = 0.02). The **** asterisks represent significance level of P < 0.0001.