Figure 2.

Dysregulated miRNAs and their targets involved in trophoblast invasion in preeclampsia and IUGR. The dysregulation of miRNAs (upregulated miRNA is denoted in red and downregulated miRNA is marked in blue) alters the expression of target gene(s) (linked with a black arrow) of different signaling pathways. Notably, the upregulated miRNA reduces target gene expression, whereas the downregulated miRNA increases target gene expression. In some cases, the miRNA-induced alteration of target gene expression leads to a cascade of signaling events (connected with a brown arrow(s)). Consequently, the altered signaling element(s)/pathway(s) instigates impairment of trophoblast invasion and subsequent failure in modeling of spiral arteries (linked with a blue arrow).