Table 1.

Statistics of DM8HR O₃ for all model cases over the domain and analysis regions in July 2011. The best performance metrics among the model cases are highlighted in bold.

Region	Case	Record	OBS (ppb)	MOD (ppb)	RMSE (ppb)	NME (%)	MB (ppb)	NMB (%)	R
Domain	Base	36 242	48.21	52.04	12.6	19.2	3.8	8.0	0.69
	mNLDN	36 242	48.21	53.40	12.9	19.8	5.2	10.8	0.70
	hNLDN	36 242	48.21	52.21	11.9	18.4	4.0	8.3	0.72
	pNLDN	36 242	48.21	52.52	12.7	19.5	4.3	8.9	0.70
NE	Base	5512	50.97	55.08	13.0	17.8	4.1	8.1	0.74
	mNLDN	5512	50.97	55.77	13.4	18.5	4.8	9.4	0.74
	hNLDN	5512	50.97	54.23	11.9	16.7	3.3	6.4	0.75
	pNLDN	5512	50.97	55.32	13.1	18.0	4.4	8.5	0.74
SE	Base	7061	44.55	51.71	12.6	21.0	7.2	16.1	0.76
	mNLDN	7061	44.55	53.33	13.6	236	8.8	19.7	0.76
	hNLDN	7061	44.55	52.30	12.6	21.7	7.8	17.4	0.77
	pNLDN	7061	44.55	52.39	13.0	22.0	7.8	17.6	0.76
UM	Base	8072	51.60	58.99	13.6	18.8	7.4	14.3	0.64
	mNLDN	8072	51.60	60.14	14.4	20.5	8.5	16.6	0.64
	hNLDN	8072	51.60	58.35	12.8	18.0	6.8	13.1	0.64
	pNLDN	8072	51.60	59.42	13.9	19.4	7.8	15.1	0.64
LM	Base	3609	42.15	46.21	12.4	21.5	4.1	9.6	0.73
	mNLDN	3609	42.15	47.93	12.9	22.3	5.8	13.7	0.74
	hNLDN	3609	42.15	47.12	12.3	21.3	5.0	11.8	0.76
	pNLDN	3609	42.15	46.93	12.6	21.8	4.8	11.3	0.74
RM	Base	6256	52.52	48.13	11.3	17.0	−4.4	−8.4	0.52
	mNLDN	6256	52.52	50.93	10.2	14.7	−1.6	−3.0	0.56
	hNLDN	6256	52.52	50.35	9.9	14.4	−2.2	−4.1	0.57
	pNLDN	6256	52.52	48.93	10.9	16.2	−3.6	−6.9	0.53
PC	Base	5570	44.72	47.58	11.7	20.1	2.9	6.4	0.80
	mNLDN	5570	44.72	47.73	11.6	20.0	3.0	6.7	0.80
	hNLDN	5570	44.72	46.65	11.3	19.5	1.9	4.3	0.81
	pNLDN	5570	44.72	47.62	11.6	20.0	2.9	6.5	0.80