Table 6.
Descriptive statistics of variables, items, and convergent validity.
| Construct, item | Mean | Significant test of parameter estimation | Item reliability | Composite reliability, CRd | Convergence validity, AVEe | |||||
| Unstda | SE | Unstd/SE | P value | STDb | SMCc | |||||
| Perceived usefulness (PU) | 0.841 | 0.431 | ||||||||
|
|
PU1 | 6.095 | 1 | —f | — | — | 0.663 | 0.44 |
|
|
|
|
PU2 | 6.171 | 1.076 | 0.09 | 11.972 | <.001 | 0.638 | 0.407 |
|
|
|
|
PU3 | 6.118 | 1.118 | 0.094 | 11.926 | <.001 | 0.629 | 0.396 |
|
|
|
|
PU4 | 5.859 | 1.344 | 0.118 | 11.386 | <.001 | 0.605 | 0.366 |
|
|
|
|
PU5 | 5.873 | 1.419 | 0.116 | 12.222 | <.001 | 0.656 | 0.43 |
|
|
|
|
PU6 | 5.77 | 1.518 | 0.115 | 13.149 | <.001 | 0.727 | 0.529 |
|
|
|
|
PU7 | 5.091 | 1.958 | 0.156 | 12.512 | <.001 | 0.672 | 0.452 |
|
|
| Perceived ease of use (PEOU) | 0.68 | 0.516 | ||||||||
|
|
PEOU1 | 5.715 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.685 | 0.469 |
|
|
|
|
PEOU2 | 5.762 | 1.109 | 0.119 | 9.313 | <.001 | 0.75 | 0.562 |
|
|
| Perceived behavioral control (PBC) | 0.673 | 0.408 | ||||||||
|
|
PBC1 | 4.62 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.71 | 0.504 |
|
|
|
|
PBC2 | 5.38 | 0.748 | 0.073 | 10.318 | <.001 | 0.605 | 0.366 |
|
|
|
|
PBC3 | 5.015 | 0.935 | 0.092 | 10.178 | <.001 | 0.596 | 0.355 |
|
|
| Subjective norms (SN) | 0.758 | 0.512 | ||||||||
|
|
SN1 | 5.16 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.704 | 0.496 |
|
|
|
|
SN2 | 5.2 | 1.122 | 0.085 | 13.162 | <.001 | 0.764 | 0.584 |
|
|
|
|
SN3 | 5.023 | 1.009 | 0.085 | 11.884 | <.001 | 0.675 | 0.456 |
|
|
| Trust (TR) | 0.691 | 0.429 | ||||||||
|
|
TR1 | 5.359 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.583 | 0.34 |
|
|
|
|
TR2 | 4.595 | 1.697 | 0.166 | 10.228 | <.001 | 0.732 | 0.536 |
|
|
|
|
TR3 | 4.975 | 1.349 | 0.141 | 9.551 | <.001 | 0.642 | 0.412 |
|
|
| Resistance bias (RB) | 0.767 | 0.524 | ||||||||
|
|
RB1 | 2.319 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.683 | 0.466 |
|
|
|
|
RB2 | 2.479 | 1.368 | 0.109 | 12.567 | <.001 | 0.762 | 0.581 |
|
|
|
|
RB3 | 2.259 | 1.133 | 0.093 | 12.123 | <.001 | 0.724 | 0.524 |
|
|
| Eye health consciousness (EHC) | 0.766 | 0.625 | ||||||||
|
|
EHC1 | 6.051 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.876 | 0.767 |
|
|
|
|
EHC2 | 5.724 | 0.859 | 0.136 | 6.317 | <.001 | 0.694 | 0.482 |
|
|
| Perceived risks (PR) | 0.837 | 0.461 | ||||||||
|
|
PR1 | 3.962 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.711 | 0.506 |
|
|
|
|
PR2 | 3.979 | 0.932 | 0.073 | 12.814 | <.001 | 0.639 | 0.408 |
|
|
|
|
PR3 | 3.804 | 1.081 | 0.075 | 14.468 | <.001 | 0.738 | 0.545 |
|
|
|
|
PR4 | 3.308 | 0.968 | 0.081 | 12.025 | <.001 | 0.621 | 0.386 |
|
|
|
|
PR5 | 4.217 | 1.089 | 0.082 | 13.34 | <.001 | 0.705 | 0.497 |
|
|
|
|
PR6 | 3.544 | 0.931 | 0.075 | 12.483 | <.001 | 0.654 | 0.428 |
|
|
| Intention to use (IU) | 0.753 | 0.506 | ||||||||
|
|
IU1 | 4.977 | 1 | — | — | — | 0.743 | 0.552 |
|
|
|
|
IU2 | 5.251 | 0.999 | 0.069 | 14.436 | <.001 | 0.769 | 0.591 |
|
|
|
|
IU3 | 5.348 | 0.779 | 0.069 | 11.361 | <.001 | 0.612 | 0.375 |
|
|
aUnstd: unstandardized factor loadings.
bSTD: standardized factor loadings.
cSMC: square multiple correlations.
dCR: composite reliability.
eAVE: average variance extracted.
fNot applicable.