Table 4.
Comparison Between Obesity with Low Muscle Mass and Obesity with Normal Muscle Mass Groups Regarding Bone Mineral Density for Each Muscle Mass Index Evaluated
| Variables | ASM/wt × 100, % | ASM/BMI, m2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLMM (n=12) | ONMM (n=39) | p-value | OLMM (n=12) | ONMM (n=39) | p-value | |
| L1-L4 BMD (g/cm2) | 1.17±0.13 | 1.27±0.16 | 0.028 | 1.16±0.13 | 1.26±0.16 | 0.070 |
| L1-L4 T-score | 0.18±1.09 | 0.65±1.32 | 0.029 | −0.20±1.01 | 0.55±3.01 | 0.080 |
| L1-L4 Z-score | 0.06±1.01 | 0.86±1.20 | 0.028 | 0.10±1.13 | 0.75±1.24 | 0.106 |
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 1.00±0.14 | 1.10±0.12 | 0.012 | 1.00±0.13 | 1.10±0.14 | 0.062 |
| Femoral neck T-score | 0.01±1.00 | 0.77±0.93 | 0.011 | 0.01±0.96 | 0.70±1.02 | 0.061 |
| Femoral neck Z-score | 0.53±0.92 | 1.27±0.86 | 0.007 | 0.60±0.81 | 1.20±0.95 | 0.082 |
| Total femur BMD (g/cm2) | 1.10±0.15 | 1.19±0.14 | 0.039 | 1.12±0.12 | 1.18±0.16 | 0.282 |
| Total femur T-score | 0.75±1.23 | 1.51±1.17 | 0.039 | 0.91±1.01 | 1.36±1.20 | 0.276 |
| Total femur Z-score | 1.05±1.16 | 1.79±1.14 | 0.036 | 1.25±0.89 | 1.63±1.26 | 0.345 |
Notes: Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. ASM/wt × 100 (%): ASM adjusted for weight; ASM/BMI (m2): ASM adjusted for BMI. Student test was used for comparisons between OLMM and ONMM. p values < 0.05 were considered significant.
Abbreviations: ASM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass; OLMM, obesity with low muscle mass; ONMM, obesity with low muscle mass; BMD, bone mineral density; L1–L4, lumbar spine from 1 to 4.