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. 2019 Dec 9;10:2730. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02730

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Copyright © 2019 Papúchová, Meissner, Li, Strominger and Tilburgs.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Treg mediated recognition of HLA-C may include self- and fetus-specific tolerance. (A) CD25^HI FOXP3⁺ Treg were shown to suppress fetus-specific and non-specific lymphocyte responses; maternal HLA-C (mHLA-C, blue), paternal HLA-C (pHLA-C, red); (B) Decidual macrophages (dMΦ) and EVT directly increase the proportion of FOXP3⁺ Treg during in vitro co-culture assays; maternal peptides (blue), paternal peptides (red); (C) EVT directly increase the proportion of PD1^HI Treg in a process where HLA-C and TCR interaction may play a role. In addition, efficient induction of FOXP3⁺ Treg and PD1^HI Treg by dMΦ and EVT may depend on cell surface receptors as well as secreted cytokines including IL-10.