Fig. 2.

Above-ground biomass (A, B) and resilience index (C, D) of two perennial grass species, D. glomerata (A, C) and H. lanatus (B, D) under four climatic scenarios: 390 (blue) or 520 (red) ppm atmospheric CO₂ concentration, combined with the ECE or without ECE (Con). Above-ground biomass was the biomass harvested above 5 cm height before the ECE (B_ef; mean of two cuts on 26 April and 9 June) and after the ECE at the end of the recovery period (R_ecov; 3 November cut). For the recovery period, the absence of a bar for H. lanatus grown at 390 ECE coincides with mortality. The resilience index was calculated by the R_ecov to B_ef above-ground biomass ratio; A value of 1 corresponds to full recovery of species biomass. Mean ±SD are shown (n=3).