Schematic diagram of the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in ‘outer tissues', endosperm, and embryo of a barley grain and the differential transcript expression of involved genes in 18-6 transgenic grain from 7 to 24 DAP. Expression of HvCslF6 transcripts includes the transgene and wild-type (WT) gene expression. For each tissue, the transcript expression values are normalized against the WT, calculated as log2, and represented in a heat map. Genes where the maximum transcript value was <2000 arbitrary units were not included in the heat map. Vertical dashed lines separate the three grain tissues. UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) and ADP-glucose (ADP-Glc) are substrates for the biosynthesis of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan and starch, respectively. INV* indicates the HORVU6Hr1G011260 gene. INV** indicates the HORVU2Hr1G109120 gene, which are both involved in the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds between the carbohydrates, including fructans. Abbreviations: fructose (Fru), fructose-6-phosphate (Fru-6-P), glucose (Glc), sucrose (Suc), sucrose-6-phosphate (Suc-6-P). Expanded gene names and accession information is included in Supplementary Table S2. Magenta indicates increased expression, while green indicates decreased expression.