Fig 2. Successional, spatial, and seasonal changes in seed dispersal mode in tropical secondary forests of southern Bahia, Brazil.

Estimated probability is the probability that seeds are dispersed abiotically. Estimates and 95% confidence intervals are from a generalized linear mixed effects model with a binomial distribution. Whisker bars are 95% confidence intervals; in b, gray band indicates 95% confidence intervals and dashed line indicates that the fixed effect is not statistically significant (p ≤ .05). In a, we included mean proportion of abiotically dispersed seeds in mature forests for comparison, but these observations were not estimated by the model (see Methods); the presented value is the mean proportion of abiotically dispersed seeds in mature forests and whisker bars are bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals. See Table 1 for model fit information.