Table 2.

Randomised controlled trials of probiotics with efficacy in Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and pouchitis

Indication	Endpoint (outcome)	Probiotic	References
Crohn’s disease	Induction/maintenance of remission	None
Ulcerative colitis	Induction of remission	VSL#3 (children) Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus reuteri enema (children)	76 77 79
	Maintenance of remission	Bifidobacterium breve Bifidobacterium bifidum Saccharomyces boulardii E. coli Nissle 1917 VSL#3 (children)	76 81–83
Pouchitis	Acute pouchitis	VSL#3	89
	Maintenance of remission	VSL#3	92 93