Table 4.
Comparison of 75 g OGTT and Glucose Metabolism Indicators During Pregnancy and After Delivery
| NGT Group (n=104) | AGT Group (n=74) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational period at diagnosis | |||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 (5.1, 5.6) | 5.6 (5.2, 6.1)a | 0.033 |
| 1 h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 9.4 (8.3, 10.5) | 9.9 (8.6, 11.2) | 0.120 |
| 2 h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 8.2 (7.0, 9.2) | 8.5 (7.6, 9.4) | 0.301 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μU/mL) | 11.4 (8.3, 20.0) | 13.5 (11.2, 17.9) | 0.227 |
| 1 h plasma insulin (μU/mL) | 64.9 (44.5, 130.6) | 111.8 (91.1, 139.9)a | 0.038 |
| 2 h plasma insulin (μU/mL) | 82.1 (50.9, 141.8) | 99.8 (67.7, 142.7) | 0.621 |
| GA (%) | 11.3 (9.7, 12.7) | 11.5 (10.3, 13.2) | 0.254 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.1 (4.9, 5.5) | 5.4 (5.1, 5.9)b | 0.007 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.6 (2.0, 4.6) | 3.3 (2.8, 4.2) | 0.147 |
| HOMA-β | 124.1 (82.0, 227.2) | 135.8 (95.1, 203.7) | 0.705 |
| Number of two or more abnormal values (n/%) | 36 (34.6%) | 32 (43.2%) | 0.365 |
| Basal insulin treatment (n/%) | 29 (27.9%) | 43 (58.1%)b | 0.001 |
| Meal insulin treatment (n/%) | 15 (14.4%) | 26 (35.1%)b | 0.003 |
| Screening period after delivery | |||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.5 (5.1, 5.7) | 6.2 (5.6, 6.7)b | <0.001 |
| 1 h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 8.4 (6.9, 10.2) | 10.2 (8.9, 11.8)b | <0.001 |
| 2 h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.8 (6.2, 7.4) | 8.5 (7.6, 9.1)b | <0.001 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μU/mL) | 7.9 (5.3, 12.5) | 9.9 (5.5, 15.1) | 0.387 |
| 1 h plasma insulin (μU/mL) | 70.5 (38.1, 128.6) | 66.0 (38.6, 97.4) | 0.312 |
| 2 h plasma insulin (μU/mL) | 39.7 (26.8, 67.9) | 56.6 (37.9, 86.9)a | 0.031 |
| GA (%) | 11.5 (10.6, 12.8) | 11.9 (10.8, 13.5) | 0.178 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.3 (5.0, 5.6) | 5.6 (5.4, 6.1)b | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.0 (1.3, 3.2) | 2.6 (1.4, 4.2) | 0.138 |
| HOMA-β | 74.7 (61.9, 124.1) | 77.3 (51.9, 110.9) | 0.423 |
Notes: Data are presented as percentage (number of two or more abnormal values and insulin treatment), or median (interquartile range) (other glucose metabolism indicators). aP<0.05, bP<0.01 vs the NGT group.
Abbreviations: OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; GA, glycated albumin; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of β cell; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; AGT, abnormal glucose tolerance.